Every electronic circuit, project or gadget like our mobile phone or the speakers that we use, require electrical power to function. We can draw this required electrical power from our mains outlet using a power supply. When we want mobility and freedom from wires, we have to use a portable powerhouse. These are DC power sources and we call it a Battery. There are many types of batteries and there are literally infinite appliances that use batteries of different types. Our TV remote, Wall-Clock, wristwatches, cars, laptops, mobile batteries are everywhere. The battery provides a mobile voltage source. Depending upon our requirement we chose a battery which fits our requirement and our budget. e-vidya comes with a 9V Battery which is available everywhere and most easy to use. The household battery which we also call as pencil cell used in tv remote is a small one and gives 1.5V of DC voltage. The DC power source is denoted in the circuit diagram by a special symbol as shown below
Anode represents the positive terminal of battery and cathode represents the negative terminal of the battery. During building various circuits, we have to take extreme precaution that we should not connect it wrong otherwise; it may cause severe problems to our circuit. So take care while connecting the battery to any circuit. The 9v Battery provided has a clip showing red wire for an anode and black wire for a cathode. 9v battery looks like this
9 Volt Batteries
How Battery Works?
So what actually is a Battery? It is a combination of two or more electrochemical cells in which stored chemical energy is converted into electrical energy. Each cell consists of two half cells connected in series through an electrolytic solution. One-half cell houses the Anode to which the positive ions migrate from the Electrolyte and the other houses the Cathode to which the negative ones drift. The two cells are may be connected via a specific structure allowing ions (charged particles) to flow.
Types of Batteries
Apart from these 9v Batteries, below are some common types of batteries we use along with pictures and their rated voltage and applications where they are used
Name
Pencil Cell
General Cell
AA Type
Specification
1.5 Volt
Lightweight Low current
Usage
Remote Control Battery, Toys, General Purpose
General Cell_AA type Cell
Name
Pencil Cell
General Cell
AAAType
Specification
1.5 Volt
Lightweight and Low Current
Usage
Remote Control Battery, Toys, General Purpose
General Cell AAA Type
Name
Lead-Acid Battery
Specification
12v, 6v
Heavy and High Current Capacity
Usage
Emergency Lights, Solar Lamps
Emergency Fans, Computer UPS
Name
Acid Filled Battery
Specification
12v, 24v,
Very Heavy,
Very High Current
Usage
Vehicles,
Bikes,
Cars,
Inverters
Acid Filled Batteries
Name
Special Batteries
Li-Ion
Specification
3.7v Each Cell
High Current
Usage
Mobile Phones,
Cordless Phones
Laptops
Lithium-Ion-Battery
Name
Special Batteries
Ni-Mh
Specification
1.2v
Usage
Mobiles
Name
Special Batteries
Ni-Cd
Specification
1.2v High Current
Small Size
Usage
Mobile Phones,
Special Batteries Type Ni-Cd
Name
Battery Pack
Specification
Ni-mh,
Ni-CD or
Li-Ion battery Pack combined for higher voltage
Usage
Mobile Phone
Robotics
Battery Pack
